Module 3 Process Piping Hydraulics Sizing And Pressure Rating Pdf 【Quick – REVIEW】

= Quality factor (weld joint efficiency, ranging from 0.60 to 1.00)

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Fundamentals of fluid flow

Module 3 provides the procedural steps to transition from a process flow requirement (how much fluid) to a physical specification (pipe size and schedule) using fluid mechanics and ASME B31.3 code requirements. PDHengineer.com sample calculation = Quality factor (weld joint efficiency, ranging from 0

h_f = f (L/D) (V²/2g)

: To avoid excessive pressure loss or erosion, engineers adhere to established velocity ranges: Pump Suction : 2–4 feet/sec. Return Lines : 10–15 feet/sec. High Pressure Lines : 20–25 feet/sec. Consequences of Poor Sizing :

Where:

[ t = \fracP_d \cdot D_o2(SEW + PY) ]

[ Re = \frac\rho v D\mu = \fracv D\nu ]

To prevent erosion, noise, water hammer, and excessive pressure drop, industry standards suggest the following velocity ranges: Fluid Type Recommended Velocity Range (m/s) Recommended Velocity Range (ft/s) 0.6 – 1.5 Water (Pump Discharge) 1.5 – 3.0 Steam (Saturated) 100 – 130 Steam (Superheated) 130 – 200 Air / Gases (Low Pressure) 50 – 100 The Continuity Equation The relationship between volumetric flow rate ( ), cross-sectional area ( ), and velocity ( ) is calculated using the continuity equation: PDHengineer

to identify flow regimes (laminar vs. turbulent) and pipe roughness. Sizing Methodology Determine required Flow Rate (Q) Select target velocity and calculate preliminary

The actual maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) decreases as the operating temperature increases. Material Groups

is an empirical constant (typically between 100 and 125 for continuous service). 4. Pipe Pressure Rating and Wall Thickness Calculation Consequences of Poor Sizing : Where: [ t