Atoms of different elements with the same mass number but different atomic numbers. 3. Periodic Table Highlights
SSC frequently asks about the commercial names, formulas, and uses of everyday chemicals. Crucial Chemical Compounds Common Name Chemical Name Chemical Formula Primary Use Sodium Bicarbonate NaHCO3cap N a cap H cap C cap O sub 3 Cooking, antacids, fire extinguishers Washing Soda Sodium Carbonate Softening hard water, glass manufacturing Caustic Soda Sodium Hydroxide NaOHcap N a cap O cap H Soap and paper manufacturing Bleaching Powder Calcium Oxychloride CaOCl2cap C a cap O cap C l sub 2 Disinfecting water, textile bleaching Plaster of Paris Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Fractured bone casts, statues, false ceilings Gypsum Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate Added to cement to slow down its setting time Laughing Gas Nitrous Oxide N2Ocap N sub 2 cap O Mild anesthetic, propellant Heavy Water Deuterium Oxide D2Ocap D sub 2 cap O Moderator in nuclear reactors Dry Ice Solid Carbon Dioxide CO2cap C cap O sub 2 Refrigeration, stage smoke effects Hardness of Water
Discovered by Ernest Rutherford; positively charged. Neutron: Discovered by James Chadwick; neutral charge. Electron: Discovered by J.J. Thomson; negatively charged. Atomic Number (Z): Number of protons in the nucleus. Mass Number (A): Sum of protons and neutrons. chemistry notes ssc
To help me tailor the next step, tell me: Are you focusing on a (like CGL or CHSL)? I can also provide a set of recent years' chemistry questions or deep-dive into a specific concept like metallurgy or stoichiometry. Share public link
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Fluorine is the most electronegative element. Helium has the highest ionization potential. Chlorine has the highest electron affinity. 4. Chemical Bonding and Reactions
The degradation of the stratospheric ozone layer ( O3cap O sub 3 Thomson; negatively charged
For aspirants preparing for the Staff Selection Commission (SSC) exams—such as CGL, CHSL, MTS, CPO, or GD—the Science section can often be a game-changer. Among the three core subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Biology), is often perceived as the most scoring, yet memorization-heavy, discipline.
Pure substances formed by chemically combining two or more elements in a fixed ratio (e.g., Water - H2Ocap H sub 2 cap O NaClcap N a cap C l
This topic is highly favored by SSC examiners, especially regarding pH values and everyday indicators. Core Theories Acids release H+cap H raised to the positive power ions in water; bases release OH−cap O cap H raised to the negative power